Introduction  In the face of energy scarcity and carbon reduction imperatives, the transition to clean energy centered on electricity is crucial. To achieve this, power system development must prioritize stability, automation and intelligence. Artificial intelligence (AI) technology is a key means to realize this goal.

  Method  This paper introduced the carbon emissions of domestic and foreign power systems at first, and pointed out the difficulties and feasible solutions for low-carbon development of the power system in China on this basis. Then, the application and prospect of AI technology in power system development were discussed.

  Result  In response to the transition to low-carbon and low-energy power systems, a series of low-carbon development routes, such as integration of capital and resources in the thermal power industry, low-carbon transition (such as the application of carbon capture technology), and promoting the consumption of and smooth replacement by clean energy, were proposed in this paper. It was also noted that AI technology will play a crucial role in automating, intelligentizing and optimizing power systems, with wide-ranging applications in power dispatching, relay protection, power equipment management, power system stability evaluation, and decision-making processes.

  Conclusion  As third-generation AI technology continues to evolve and fourth-generation AI technology emerges, the application of AI technology in the power system will become increasingly widespread.