计及柔性负荷和电解槽多工况组合运行的港口综合能源系统优化调度

任奕学; 程鹏

doi:10.16516/j.ceec.2025-125

计及柔性负荷和电解槽多工况组合运行的港口综合能源系统优化调度

任奕学,
程鹏^,

华北电力大学国家能源交通融合发展研究院, 北京 102206

基金项目:

国家重点研发计划资助项目“水运港-船多能源融合技术及集成应用”（2021YFB2601600）

详细信息

作者简介:
任奕学，1999-，男，硕士，主要研究方向为新能源交通融合和电气化交通（e-mail）120232201550@ncepu.edu.cn

程鹏，BRID: 06603.00.957181988-，男，华北电力大学能源电力创新学院副研究员，博士生导师，主要研究方向为新能源并网分析与变流控制、交通自洽能源系统集成与控制（e-mail）p.cheng@ncepu.edu.cn

通讯作者:
程鹏，（e-mail）p.cheng@ncepu.edu.cn。

中图分类号: TK91；TK01+9
计量
- 文章访问数: 676
- HTML全文浏览量: 19
- PDF下载量: 11
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-04-27
- 修回日期: 2025-05-08
- 录用日期: 2025-05-15
- 刊出日期: 2025-05-29

Optimal Scheduling of Port Integrated Energy System Considering Flexible Loads and Multi-Operation Mode Combinations of ElectrolyzersEn

REN Yixue,
CHENG Peng^,

China Institute of Energy and Transportation Integrated Development, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China

摘要

摘要:
目的
随着能源领域的改革的不断深入，能源与交通的融合是港口多能流的未来发展趋势。引入多能柔性负荷的需求响应机制和电解槽变载启停特性已经成为港口综合能源系统（PIES）发展的必然趋势。
方法
基于PIES中多能流的耦合特性，同时根据港口用户侧的用能特性，将电、热、氢3种柔性负荷划分为可平移负荷、可转移负荷以及可削减负荷，建立了考虑电、热、氢负荷需求响应的PIES运行优化模型。在此模型考虑电解槽的运行特性，并提出多堆电解槽组合运行，并以经济成本为优化目标，并采用Yalmip工具箱和Gurobi求解器求解。求解得到负荷响应前后各能源网络的优化结果。
结果
算例结果表明，引入柔性负荷的港口综合能源系统实现了多能负荷的削峰填谷，使得用能曲线更加平稳，降低了2.28%的总成本，有利于提高经济效益。但由于风光资源的不确定性，柔性负荷会对电解槽运行阵列产生不定的影响。
结论
验证了结合柔性负荷和电解槽多工况组合运行所建的港口综合能源系统模型的可行性和实用性。
- 港口综合能源系统 /
- 氢能 /
- 柔性负荷 /
- 变载启停特性 /
- 优化调度
Abstract:
Objective
As the reform in the energy sector continues to deepen, the integration of energy and transportation is the future development trend of multi-energy flows in ports. The introduction of demand response mechanisms for multi-energy flexible loads and the variable load start-stop characteristics of electrolyzers have become an inevitable trend in the development of port integrated energy systems (PIES).
Method
Based on the coupling characteristics of multi-energy flows in PIES and in accordance with the energy consumption characteristics of port users, three flexible loads of electricity, heat and hydrogen were classified into shiftable loads, transferable loads and reducible loads. An operation optimization model of PIES considering the demand response of electricity, heat and hydrogen loads was established. In this model, the operating characteristics of electrolyzers were considered, and the combined operation of multi-stack electrolyzers was proposed. With economic cost as the optimization goal, Yalmip toolbox and Gurobi solver were used to solve the model. Therefore, optimal results of each energy network before and after load response were obtained.
Result
The results of the case study show that the introduction of flexible loads in the port's integrated energy system has achieved peak shaving and valley filling of multi-energy loads, making the energy consumption curve more stable and reducing the total cost by 2.28%, which is beneficial to improving economic benefits. However, due to the uncertainty of wind and solar resources, flexible loads may have an uncertain impact on the operation array of electrolyzers.
Conclusion
The feasibility and practicality of the port integrated energy system model established by combining flexible loads and multi-operation mode combinations of electrolyzers have been verified.
- port integrated energy systems /
- hydrogen energy /
- flexible load /
- variable load start-stop characteristic /
- optimal scheduling

HTML全文

图 1 港口综合能源系统运行架构

Figure 1. Framework of port integrated energy systems

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图 2 风光出力及日负荷曲线

Figure 2. Curves of PV/wind power output and load

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图 3 方案1、方案2各负荷曲线对比

Figure 3. Comparison of the load curves of Scheme 1 and Scheme 2

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图 4 方案1电解槽阵列运行工况

Figure 4. Scheme 1: operating condition of electrolyzer array

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图 5 方案2电解槽阵列运行工况

Figure 5. Scheme 2: operating condition of electrolyzer array

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表 1 能源耦合设备参数

Table 1 Parameters of energy coupling equipment

设备类型	能量转换效率/%	容量/MW	爬坡约束/%
CHP	92	5	20
HFC	83	0.5	20
GB	95	0.8	20

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表 2 储能设备参数

Table 2 Parameters of energy storage equipment

设备类型	容量/MW	容量下限/%	容量下限/%
ES	15	20	90
HS	10	20	90
HES	10	20	90

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表 3 设备运维成本系数

Table 3 Cost coefficient of equipment operation and maintenance

设备类型	运维成本系数/[元·(MWh)⁻¹]
WT	10
PV	20
CHP	45
GB	45
EL	35
HFC	25
ES	18
HS	15
HES	16

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表 4 柔性负荷参数（1）

Table 4 Flexible load parameters (1)

类型	t_d/h	t_sf-～t_sf+	$c_{\mathrm{cost}}^{\mathrm{shift}}$ /[元·(MWh)⁻¹]
可平移电负荷1	2	2:00－19:00	200
可平移电负荷2	2	9:00－23:00	200
可平移热负荷	5	1:00－14:00	100
可平移氢负荷	5	2:00－23:00	100

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表 5 柔性负荷参数（2）

Table 5 Flexible load parameters (2)

类型	$T_{\mathrm{min}}^{\mathrm{tran}}$ /h	$P_{\mathrm{min}}^{\mathrm{tran}}$ ～ $P_{\mathrm{max}}^{\mathrm{tran}}$ /MW	t_sf-～t_sf+	$c_{\mathrm{cost}}^{\mathrm{tran}}$ /[元·(MWh)⁻¹]
可转移电负荷	3	0.35～0.87	1:00－14:00	100
可转移氢负荷	2	0.04～0.17	2:00－23:00	100

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表 6 柔性负荷参数（3）

Table 6 Flexible load parameters (3)

类型	$T_{\mathrm{min}}^{\mathrm{cut}}$ /h	$T_{\mathrm{max}}^{\mathrm{cut}}$ /h	N_max/次	$c_{\mathrm{cost}}^{\mathrm{cut}}$ /[元·(MWh)⁻¹]
可削减电负荷	2	5	8	400
可削减热负荷	2	5	8	200

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表 7 系统运行成本结果

Table 7 Result of system operating cost 元

方案	购能成本	弃风弃光成本	运维成本	补偿成本	总成本
1	24 732.93	0	2 103.20	0	26 836.13
2	20 331.46	0	2 020.17	3 872.70	26 224.33

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