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100 MW级蒸汽轮机系统稳态变工况运行特性

Steady-State Operation Characteristics of 100 MW Class Steam Turbine System

  • 摘要:
      目的  为有效提高循环效率,整体煤气化联合循环(Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle, IGCC)发电系统因其自身所具备的热效率高、污染小、运行灵活等优势得到广泛关注。余热锅炉与蒸汽轮机共同构成了联合循环系统的底循环。
      方法  文章主要采用能量平衡和热力学计算公式,运用MATLAB进行建模运算,研究了蒸汽流量、给水温度、过热蒸汽温度和再热蒸汽温度的变化对蒸汽轮机的输出功率、热效率和蒸汽总吸热负荷的影响,同时在稳态运行的条件下,对底循环的工作原理和传质传热流程进行分析。
      结果  结果表明:增加高压蒸汽流量,减小低压蒸汽流量,可以在具有较高热效率前提下,使蒸汽轮机输出更高的功率。在优化运行参数下,吸热负荷比参考工况减小了45.7 kW,热效率由23.82%增至26.92%。
      结论  高压过热蒸汽和再热蒸汽的温度升高,蒸汽轮机系统热效率越高,但吸热负荷和输出功率变化幅度很小,可适当提高高压过热蒸汽和再热蒸汽的温度,有利于提高蒸汽轮机的热效率。而给水温度升高时,输出功率不随给水温度发生变化,而蒸汽吸热负荷会随着给水温度的升高而降低。给水温度越高,蒸汽所需热负荷就越小,有利于减少热能的输入而提高蒸汽轮机的热效率。

     

    Abstract:
      Introduction  To effectively improve the cycle efficiency, the Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) power generation system has received extensive attention due to its advantages of high thermal efficiency, low pollution, and flexible operation. The waste heat boiler and the steam turbine together constitute the bottom cycle of the system.
      Method  Mainly combined with energy balance and thermodynamic calculation formula, using MATLAB for modeling operations, the effect of changes in steam flow, feed water temperature, superheated steam temperature, and reheat steam temperature on the steam turbine output power, thermal efficiency, and the total steam endothermic load was studied. At the same time, under the condition of steady-state operation, the working principle of the bottom cycle and the mass transfer and heat transfer process were analyzed.
      Result  The results show that increasing the high-pressure steam flow and reducing the low-pressure steam flow can make the steam turbine output higher power under the premise of higher thermal efficiency. Under the optimized operating parameters, the endothermic load is reduced by 45.7 kW compared with the reference operating condition, and the thermal efficiency is increased from 23.82% to 26.92%.
      Conclusion  The higher the temperature of high-pressure superheated steam and reheated steam, the higher the thermal efficiency of the steam turbine system, but the change range of heat absorption load and output power is very small. It can appropriately increase the temperature of high-pressure superheated steam and reheated steam, which is conducive to improving the thermal efficiency of the steam turbine.

     

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