Introduction  Gravity energy storage, as a new form of energy storage, plays an increasingly important role in balancing power supply and demand, responding to intermittent energy fluctuations, and other aspects of the power system.

  Method  Focusing on the gravity energy storage system based on ground structure and slope gravity energy storage, the paper analyzed in detail the research status of these two forms of gravity energy storage both domestically and internationally. Firstly, compared with traditional energy storage forms, the working principle and advantages of gravity energy storage were provided. Then, the research status and economic cost analysis of the gravity energy storage system based on ground structure and slope gravity energy storage structures were presented. Then, two typical types of slope gravity energy storage system structures, i.e. mountain mining car type and mountain cable car type, were introduced in detail, and the effect of parameters such as slope and weight on system efficiency and cost performance was explained. Finally, prospects and suggestions were given for the technical characteristics of gravity energy storage systems.

  Result  The gravity energy storage system based on the ground structure is stable and has a high initial investment cost, making it suitable for users with large power fluctuations. The slope gravity energy storage features low construction cost and simple operation and is suitable for users in high mountain terrain with low power demand.

  Conclusion  With the gradual maturity of gravity energy storage technology and its continuous cost reduction, it will play an important supporting role in the construction of power systems as a new type of energy storage in the future.