Abstract:
Objective The intermittency of renewable energy severely challenges grid stability, increasing the demand for large-scale energy storage technologies. Compressed CO2 energy storage emerges as a potential solution for grid peak shaving. However, storing low-pressure CO2 is a critical bottleneck limiting the CCES development.
Method This paper proposes an adsorption-based liquid CO2 energy storage system. With the developed thermo-economic models, we systematically analyze the optimization of key operating parameters.
Result Results for an 100 MW/600 MWh system show that the system levelized cost of storage was minimized when the liquid tank and high-pressure cooler outlet temperatures were 26 ℃ and 46 ℃, respectively. The system can achieve a cycle efficiency of 70.06%, energy density of 7.7 kWh/m3, levelized cost of storage of 0.8081 CNY/kWh and dynamic payback period of 8.46 years.
Conclusion Sensitivity analysis indicates optimizing key component parameters can significantly improve system performance, providing essential theoretical and technical support for the flexible deployment of large-scale energy storage systems.
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