压缩空气储能系统的理论分析及性能研究
Performance Analysis of Compressed Air Energy Storage System
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摘要:
压缩空气储能技术和抽水蓄能技术是两种最具潜力的电能规模化储存技术。构建了四套压缩空气储能方案，结合热力学第一定律对高压储罐内压缩空气的温度与压力参数的变化规律以及不同储能方案性能进行了比较。研究结果表明，高压储罐在与环境换热较差时，高压储罐的充气过程会经历较为明显的温升现象。200 m3储罐以1.0 kg/s流速充气至10 MPa时，温升幅度为22.46 ℃，储气过程的温升现象降低了储罐的空气容纳能力。在压缩空气储能系统性能方面，四套储能系统的热耗位于4 100 kJ/kW·h至4 200 kJ/kW·h之间，系统效率位于52.30%与56.33%之间。在储能系统效率与对外输出电能总量指标上，高压储罐与环境之间换热性能较好的储能系统均要优于换热条件较差的储能系统。 Abstract:Compressed air energy storage technology (CAES) and pumped hydro technology are two typical energy storage technologies that have the capacity of large scale electricity storage. In this paper, four CAES systems are designed. The evolution trend of compressed air pressure and temperature in air tank as well as the characteristics for different CAES systems are discussed according to the first law of thermodynamics. It indicates that there is an obvious temperature increase during air charging process under poor heat transfer conditions. The temperature increase value is about 22.46 ℃ for 200 m3 tank when it is charged to 10 MPa with a mass flow of 1.0 kg/s. In terms of CAES system property, their heat rates are between 4 100 kJ/kW·h and 4 200 kJ/kW·h, and their energy conversion efficiencies are between 52.30% and 56.33%. As for the parameter of energy conversion efficiency and total electricity output capacity, CAES systems with better air tank heat transfer conditions have higher values.
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