海岛核电厂址应急撤离能力分析研究

Analysis of Emergency Evacuation Capability for Island Nuclear Power Plant

摘要: 核电厂厂址选址阶段需要从应急角度考察厂址条件，为后续应急计划的有效实施打下良好的基础。我国之前的核动力厂厂址无论是滨海还是内陆均位于大陆之上，而鉴于海岛厂址地理环境条件的特殊性，为确保核电厂的纵深防御最后环节——应急响应的有效性，保护公众和环境，并借鉴其他核动力厂在应急审查中出现的问题，对海岛核电厂址应急撤离能力进行分析，从而为应急决策提供技术支持。以某拟建海岛核电厂址为例，基于目前的厂址条件，分别对通过跨海大桥撤离和轮船撤离进行了评估和模拟。

Abstract: Site emergency condition should be considered in Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) siting period to implement the follow-up emergency plan. Compared with the existing NPP sites which are inland or by the sea, the island NPP site's environment condition is very special. To ensure the validity of emergency response which is the last level of defense in depth , protect people and the environment, the emergency evacuation capability for island nuclear power plant was analyzed which can provide technical support of emergency decision making. The evacuation through bridge and steamboat were estimated and simulated based on one proposed island NPP site.