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由H、O和OH引发的支链反应和链生长反应在化学反应中起着最重要的作用。图30~图35显示了加氢(${X_{{{\rm{H}}_2}}} $> = 0%、40%、80%、100%)对H、O、OH自由基生成率的影响。可以看出形成H、O和OH的主要反应有:
图 30 掺氢对H自由基生成速率的影响(φ=0.6)
Figure 30. Effect on production rate of H radical with hydrogen blending (φ=0.6)
图 31 掺氢对H自由基生成速率的影响(φ=0.8)
Figure 31. Effect on production rate of H radical with hydrogen blending (φ=0.8)
图 32 掺氢对O自由基生成速率的影响(φ=0.6)
Figure 32. Effect on production rate of O radical with hydrogen blending (φ=0.6)
图 33 掺氢对O自由基生成速率的影响(φ=0.8)
Figure 33. Effect on production rate of O radical with hydrogen blending (φ=0.8)
图 34 掺氢对OH自由基生成速率的影响(φ=0.6)
Figure 34. Effect on production rate of OH radical with hydrogen blending (φ=0.6)
图 35 掺氢对OH自由基生成速率的影响(φ=0.8)
Figure 35. Effect on production rate of OH radical with hydrogen blending (φ=0.8)
$$ \mathrm{H}+\mathrm{O}_2=\mathrm{O}+\mathrm{OH} \qquad\qquad\qquad \mathrm{R} 38 $$ $$ \mathrm{OH}+\mathrm{H}_2=\mathrm{H}+\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O} \qquad\qquad\quad{\rm{R}}84$$ 从图中分析可得燃烧过程的主要反应区域位于自由基浓度峰值发生的位置。随着氢含量(${X_{{{\rm{H}}_2}}} $ = 0%、40%、80%、100%)和等效比(0.6 ~ 0.8)的增加,自由基生成率显著增加。此外,随着氢的加入,H、O和OH生成速率的峰位向上移动。${X_{{{\rm{H}}_2}}} $的增加可以加速(R84)的反应,产生更多的H自由基,从而进一步促进(R38)的反应。
Hydrogen-Blended Combustion Technology in Gas Turbine
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摘要:
目的 随着国家为能源行业设立了碳达峰、碳中和的宏伟目标,对电站燃气轮机低碳排放技术改进的需求日益增长。国内对该目标的关键技术路径的探索亟待展开。燃气轮机的贫预混燃烧技术能使燃烧偏离理论空气量,是目前降低NOx排放主要技术,同时通过在天然气中掺混氢气燃烧,能够有效降低化石能源的消耗以及降低碳排放量。 方法 采用Chemkin-Pro软件建立一维预混自由传播火焰模型,比较不同当量比、初始温度、初始压力、掺氢比对燃烧温度、燃烧速率、污染物生成浓度、燃烧自由基、链式反应等的影响;模拟燃烧过程的温度分布、燃料组分变化及其排放特性。 结果 发现了通过在天然气中掺混氢气燃烧,能够有效降低化石能源的消耗以及降低碳排放量。但天然气掺氢的贫预混燃烧所带来的较高的火焰温度反而会促进NOx的生成,同时,在较低的当量比下将会产生更多的CO。 结论 基于以上研究,获得了掺氢燃烧的关键数据,为掺氢燃烧技术路径的完成奠定了基础。 Abstract:Introduction As the country has set ambitious targets in carbon peaking and carbon neutrality for the energy sector, there is a growing demand for technology improvements of low-carbon emission for power station gas turbines. It is urgent to explore the path of the key technology for this goal in China. The lean premixed combustion technology of gas turbine can make the air volume for combustion deviate from the theoretical air volume, which is the main technology to reduce NOx emission at present. At the same time, by mixing hydrogen in natural gas when combusting, it can effectively reduce the consumption of fossil energy and reduce carbon emissions. Method In this paper, a one-dimensional premixed free propagation flame model was established by Chemkin-Pro software, and the effects of different equivalent ratios, initial temperatures, initial pressures, and hydrogen-blended ratios on combustion temperatures, combustion rates, pollutant generation concentration, combustion free radicals, and chain reactions were compared. The temperature distribution, fuel component change and emission characteristics of combustion process were simulated. Result It is found that by mixing hydrogen in natural gas when combusting, fossil energy consumption and carbon emissions can be effectively reduced. However, the higher flame temperature brought by the lean premixed combustion of natural gas mixed with hydrogen will promote the generation of NOx, and at the same time, more CO will be produced at a lower equivalent ratio. Conclusion Based on the above research, the key data of hydrogen-blended combustion are obtained, which lays a foundation for the completion of hydrogen-blended combustion technology route. -
Key words:
- hydrogen-blended /
- NOx emission /
- premixed combustion /
- equivalence ratio /
- laminar burning velocity
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