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灌浆连接段将上部风机结构的自重和风浪荷载传递至基础,是整个支撑结构中至关重要的连接部件连接段灌浆作业是钢管桩沉桩与安装基础承前启后的关键工序,灌浆材料的力学性能是关系着海上风机是否能稳定运行重要因素。连接段中的高强灌浆料将处于复杂应力状态,现有的剪切键设计方法将导致灌浆料产生不同的破坏模式,进而影响灌浆连接段的承载力。此外,当灌浆连接段浸没于水中时,液体将会渗入灌浆体中的裂缝中,影响连接段长期性能。
为保证灌浆连接段的安全性,需要探明其受力机理。本文回顾了灌浆连接段的研究历程,这有利于完善现有设计体系,找到发展方向。
Brief Analysis of the Development of Mechanical Research and Trends of Grouted Connection of Offshore Wind Turbine
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摘要:
目的 海上风电机组基础与上部结构连接通常采用灌浆连接方式,保证灌浆连接段的安全性至关重要,灌浆连接段的研究一直是重点和难点。 方法 对过往海上风电灌浆连接段的相关力学研究进行综述,介绍了海上风电灌浆材料的基本力学性能,总结了灌浆连接段的受力机理和影响承载力的因素,并对现有规范设计和未来研究方向进行阐述。 结果 灌浆连接段对灌浆材料的使用要求严苛,需要使用高强灌浆料。在轴压作用下,灌浆连接段通常表现为斜压短柱的延性破坏模式,承载力主要受到灌浆连接段径向刚度、剪力键的高距比和形状、灌浆连接段长径比以及灌浆材料强度的影响。相关设计规范对极限承载力的设计均有明确的设计方法,但在疲劳设计方面研究较少,存在不完善的情况。 结论 因此,尚需进一步研究灌浆连接段浸没在水中的疲劳性能。同时,未来在试验研究上需要采用足尺或小缩尺的试件,在数值研究上需要采用精细化的数值模型进行分析。 Abstract:Introduction The connection between offshore wind turbine foundation and superstructure is usually made by grouting. It is crucial to ensure the safety of the grouted connections, and the study of grouted connections is always a key and difficult point. Methods A review of relevant mechanical studies on grouted connections of offshore wind turbines was conducted. The basic mechanical properties of grouted materials for offshore wind turbines were described. The force mechanism of grouted connections and the factors affecting the bearing capacity were summarized, and the existing code design and future research directions were described. Result The grouted connection has severe requirements for the use of grouting materials. Therefore, the high-strength grout needs to be used. Under axial compression, the grouted connections usually exhibit a ductile damage mode of the compression struts. The bearing capacity of grouted connections is mainly influenced by the radial stiffness of grouted connections, the height-to-spacing ratio of shear keys, the shape of shear keys, the length-to-diameter ratio of grouted connections and the strength of grouting materials. The relevant design codes have clear design methods for the design of ultimate bearing capacity, but there are few studies and imperfections in fatigue design. Conclusion Therefore, it is necessary to further research the fatigue performance of grouted connections submerged in water. Moreover, it is necessary to use full-scale or small-scale specimens in future experimental studies, and refined numerical models need to be used for analysis in numerical studies. -
Key words:
- grouted connection /
- axial bearing capacity /
- fatigue /
- immersion /
- force mechanism
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