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本工程主厂房借助SAP2000结构分析软件进行设计,建立主厂房与屋架的整体模型,如图4所示。屋架与主厂房混凝土框架柱牛腿铰接连接,屋架支撑及腹杆之间按桁架杆件连接,释放端部弯矩;屋架材料均采用Q355B钢材。
轻型屋面方案,上弦杆用到273×14(钢管外径×壁厚)、325×14、325×16三种截面,下弦杆用到325×16、299×16、450×20三种截面,其他杆件截面包括108×6、133×8、152×8、194×8等,所有杆件应力比、挠度比均小于0.85,屋架跨中最大竖向位移,亦小于《钢结构设计规范》的要求[8],可见结构方案合理,强度、刚度满足要求,应力比云图如图5所示。
表1给出重型屋面与轻型屋面方案的相关参数对比,其中重量不包括屋面檩条质量。可见采用轻型屋面,屋架高度小,同等应力比水平下杆件截面小;最大单榀桁架质量为重型屋面屋架的53.5%,1号机组屋架总重仅为重型屋面屋架的48.2%,经济性、施工可行性上具有较大优势。实际上,当屋架横向跨度超过45 m时不宜使用重型屋面,如必须采用,则需合理布置结构方案,选择屋架的杆件截面型式,以减小屋架高度及自重。
表 1 重型屋面与轻型屋面对比
Table 1. Comparison of heavy roofing and light roofing
屋面类型 重型屋面 轻型屋面 屋架矢高/m 5.15 3.5 下弦杆最大截面(应力比) 560×22(0.864) 450×20(0.846) 上弦杆最大截面(应力比) 450×20(0.794) 325×16(0.79) 最大一榀桁架重量/t 56 30(53.5%) 1号机总重量/t 616 297(48.2%)
Design Process of the Large-Span Roof Truss of the Main Workshop of A Gas Turbine Power Plant
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摘要:
目的 燃机电厂的主厂房屋架结构为大跨度空间网架结构,其安全性要求高。设计过程中,结构方案选型,荷载大小等因素对屋架结构的安全性、经济性有着至关重要的影响,研究屋架结构的选型及荷载优化对电厂建设有重要意义。 方法 文章基于某燃机电厂项目,对其主厂房屋架结构,借助SAP2000结构分析设计软件,将混凝土重型屋面及轻型钢屋面两种屋面型式进行设计对比,在保证安全性前提下,优化荷载,减小用钢量。 结果 经设计比较,轻型屋面的单榀屋架结构高度和质量较小,有利于整榀桁架的运输施工,且轻型屋面屋架结构用钢量仅为重型屋面的48.2%。 结论 在类似风环境的地区,采用轻型钢屋面具有施工可行性高、经济效益好的优势。 Abstract:Introduction The roof structure of the main workshop of the gas turbine power plant is a long-span space grid structure, which has high safety requirements. In the design process, the selection of structural schemes, loads and other factors have a crucial impact on the safety and economy of the roof truss structure, so it is of great significance to study the selection and load optimization of the roof truss structure for power plant construction. Method In this paper, based on a gas turbine power plant project, the roof truss structure of its main workshop was designed and compared with two roofing types of heavy concrete roofing and light steel roofing with the help of SAP2000 structural analysis and design software, so as to optimize the loads and reduce the amount of steel under the premise of ensuring safety. Result By design comparison, the height and mass of the single truss structure of the light roofing are smaller, which is conducive to the transportation and construction of the whole truss, and the steel used in the light roofing truss structure is only 48.2% of the steel used in the heavy roofing. Conclusion In areas like wind environment, the use of light steel roofing has the advantages of high construction feasibility and good economic benefits. -
Key words:
- gas turbine power plant /
- large-span roof truss /
- heavy roofing /
- light roofing /
- optimization analysis
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表 1 重型屋面与轻型屋面对比
Tab. 1. Comparison of heavy roofing and light roofing
屋面类型 重型屋面 轻型屋面 屋架矢高/m 5.15 3.5 下弦杆最大截面(应力比) 560×22(0.864) 450×20(0.846) 上弦杆最大截面(应力比) 450×20(0.794) 325×16(0.79) 最大一榀桁架重量/t 56 30(53.5%) 1号机总重量/t 616 297(48.2%) -
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