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电厂沉降观测是根据电厂重要建(构)筑物(如烟囱等)的变形特点,采用测绘手段和仪器设备进行连续测量和监测,以掌握电厂重要建(构)筑物的沉降情况,及时发现不利下沉现象,预报变形发展态势。沉降观测在预防电力建设工程事故、检验建(构)筑物施工质量、验证设计方案、评估电厂的安全运营期等给予了关键的技术支持,并成为电力工程特别是电厂建设和安全运行强制实施的任务之一[1]。现有的观测技术,满足数据精度要求的手段,须耗费大量的人力、物力,并且对观测人员要求高;满足自动采集、自动数据处理的手段,由于电厂建(构)筑物自身特点影响,数据精度难以达到要求。研究一种精度满足要求、智能化、快速化,且适于电厂建(构)筑物特点的沉降观测手段是测绘工程领域亟待的问题。
本文收集了现有研究成果,总结了现有观测手段优缺点,引入区域定位技术、信息同步传输、PDOP等,探索基于区域定位系统的沉降观测手段。
Discuss on a Settlement Observation System for Buildings of Power Plants Based on Area Local Positioning
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摘要:
[目的] 建(构)筑物沉降关系到电厂建设及安全运行,沉降观测过程中,如何减少人工成本,提高观测精度,适宜于电厂建(构)筑物特点,是观测方法适用性的关键。 [方法] 阐述了电厂重要建(构)筑物沉降观测的意义、内容及精度要求,分析传统观测方法的优缺点,引入区域定位技术用于沉降观测。 [结果] 提出适于电厂建(构)筑物沉降观测自动化、智能化沉降观测系统,并解决了观测系统设立过程中的关键问题。 [结论] 研究成果应用于实践,降低了成本投入,提高了工作效率;同时也丰富了沉降观测特别是小区域沉降观测的手段和方法。 Abstract:[Introduction] Settlement of buildings and structures is related to construction and safety operation of power plants. In the process of settlement observation, the key to the applicability of the observation method is to solve how to reduce the labor and improve the observation accuracy, is suitable for buildings and structures of power plants. [Method] In this paper, the role, the content and the accuracy requirements for important buildings of power plants were introduced. The advantages and disadvantages of traditional observation methods were analyzed, and the regional positioning technology was introduced. [Result] An automatic and intelligent settlement observation system based on area local positioning is presented, which is suitable for the buildings and structures of power plants. The key problems are solved in the process of the settlement observation system. [Conclusion] With the research applied in practice, the cost is reduced and work efficiency is improved. Furthermore, the means and methods of settlement observation are enriched, especially in small area. -
Key words:
- settlement observation /
- area local positioning /
- intelligence
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