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电站调试期间对储罐充水时,主控室出现高压报警。经排查,问题集中在保护储罐安全的背压减压阀和呼吸阀,为此,开展了对阀门的改型工作。
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背压减压阀阀门运行压力较低,需要微压下的开启,满足一定的排放量,因此需要有较高的控制精度、动作灵敏性和密封性。因结构限定,阀门在整定压力时,不能维持阀门全开的开度,无法实现微压下的连续流量导致排量不足,由于阀门在微压下运行,调节螺母调节压力波动较大,不易满足阀门技术参数要求(如表1所示),最终导致正常工况下发生超压报警。
表 1 阀门技术参数要求
Table 1. Technical parameter requirements of back pressure control valve
阀门运行要求 阀门超压要求 整定压力/
kPa(g)回座压力/
kPa(g)超压值/
kPa(g)排放量
m3/h(STP)阀门出口压力/
kPa(g)12 大于11.5 约0.3 约316 约0.71 阀门高压报警值为13 kPa(g),根据核算阀门在超过整定压力约7%时能完全开启(约12.8 kPa(g))。如果阀门直接安装在储罐排气口,阀门能直接感受储罐的压力,当储罐压力达到12.8 kPa(g)时阀门能完全开启,阀门的排量可满足要求,储罐不会产生超压报警。
因安装位置受限,阀门无法直接安装在储罐上,在阀门与储罐之间有1个隔离阀、4个弯头以及一段直管道,在介质排放时,阀门与储罐之间存在一定压力损失。若储罐内压力达到报警压力,且排放达到设计要求的流量,阀门入口压力仅有12.09 kPa(g),阀门感受到的超压约0.75%,在此条件下,阀门无法完全开启,排量达不到系统要求。
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呼吸阀功能是防止储罐的超压和负压,阀门技术参数要求如表2所示。经分析,原阀门的排量不足主要原因:一是保持阀门密封的弹簧刚度过大,阀门在较小的超压时阀门无法完全开启;另外一个原因是原阀门为板焊结构,流道折弯较多,流道不具有流线型,阀门流通面积较小和流阻系数较大。
表 2 阀门技术参数要求
Table 2. Technical parameter requirements of breathing valve
吸气压力/kPa(g) 吸气流量/(m3·h−1) 呼气压力/kPa(g) 呼气流量/(m3·h−1) 约−1.4 约400 约14 约316
Improvement and Application of Back Pressure Control Valve and Breathing Valve for Auxiliary Feedwater System in Nuclear Power Plant
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摘要:
目的 核电站辅助给水系统(Auxiliary Feedwater System, ASG)储压罐运行中压力通过背压调节阀和呼吸阀的共同作用,稳定在设计压力范围内,如果储罐内压力异常,超压或负压变形,将影响系统正常工作,造成该系统安全功能失效,背压调节阀及呼吸阀性能非常重要。通过对现有问题分析,对背压调节阀和呼吸阀进行改型设计,确保储压罐中压力稳定。 方法 针对实际运行经验,对比目前背压调节阀和呼吸阀结构使用情况,从阀门结构、密封型式等就这两类阀门进行改进设计。 结果 改进后的设备在使用过程中性能稳定,未出现过高压报警等异常现象。 结论 改进后的背压调节阀和呼吸阀大量运用到实际项目中,为后续同类型阀门问题处理提供一定鉴定作用。 Abstract:Introduction The operating pressure of the storage tank of the auxiliary feedwater system (ASG) in nuclear power plant is stabilized within the designed pressure range through the combined action of the back pressure control valve and the breathing valve. Abnormal pressure, overpressure or negative pressure deformation in the storage tank will affect the normal operation of the system and cause the failure of the safety function of the system. The performance of the back pressure control valve and breathing valve is very important. Based on the analysis of the existing problems, the back pressure control valve and breathing valve are improved to ensure the pressure stability of the pressure storage tank. Method According to the actual operation experience, the structure of the back pressure control valve and the breathing valve were compared, and the two kinds of valves were improved from the valve structure, sealing type, etc. Results The performance of the improved equipment was stable and no abnormal phenomena such as over-high pressure alarm occurred during use. Conclusion The improved back pressure control valve and breathing valve have been widely used in practical projects, providing certain identification for the subsequent treatment of similar valve problems. -
Key words:
- auxiliary feedwater system /
- storage tank /
- back pressure control valve /
- breathing valve /
- improved
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表 1 阀门技术参数要求
Tab. 1. Technical parameter requirements of back pressure control valve
阀门运行要求 阀门超压要求 整定压力/
kPa(g)回座压力/
kPa(g)超压值/
kPa(g)排放量
m3/h(STP)阀门出口压力/
kPa(g)12 大于11.5 约0.3 约316 约0.71 表 2 阀门技术参数要求
Tab. 2. Technical parameter requirements of breathing valve
吸气压力/kPa(g) 吸气流量/(m3·h−1) 呼气压力/kPa(g) 呼气流量/(m3·h−1) 约−1.4 约400 约14 约316 -
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