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RSS2024 Vol. 11, No. S1
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2024, 11(S1): 1-6.
doi: 10.16516/j.ceec.2024.S1.01
Abstract:
Introduction In the context of the "dual carbon strategy" in China, the integrated development of transportation and energy is an essential path for low carbon transformation in the transportation sector. To promote the development and construction of highway and energy integration projects, the main influencing factors and suggestions for the development of highway transportation and energy integration projects are proposed. Method First, this paper analyzed the key points that should be concerned in the development of highway transportation and energy integration projects by comprehensively analyzing the characteristics of the highway energy consumption and sites, and the characteristics of development and construction of photovoltaic power generation projects. Second, this paper analyzed the construction conditions of the development and construction sites for highway transportation and energy integration projects. Finally, a comprehensive review and analysis were conducted on the unique issues encountered in the development and construction process of highway transportation and energy integration projects, which were different from conventional PV projects, and the main factors affecting the economy of highway transportation and energy integration photovoltaic development were analyzed. Result This paper proposes the key points for the development of highway transportation and energy integration projects, proposes relevant technical suggestions on the development and construction of transportation and energy integration projects, and points out the main influencing factors and suggestions on the economic efficiency of highway slope photovoltaic development. Conclusion The research results provide certain guidance for the focus and direction of feasibility study and engineering design for highway transportation and energy integration projects, and provide reference for the development and construction of transportation and energy integration projects, and promote the development of highway transportation and energy integration.
2024, 11(S1): 7-13.
doi: 10.16516/j.ceec.2024.S1.02
Abstract:
Introduction In order to obtain the optimal structural layout scheme for photovoltaic supports in the road domain of the transportation and energy integration project, an idea of comprehensive comparison is proposed by combining the upper structure of photovoltaic supports with corresponding foundations, and a comparative analysis is conducted based on this idea. Method For a standard photovoltaic array, based on previous project experience, three feasible structural layout schemes for photovoltaic supports were designed, and a technical and economic comparison was conducted among these three schemes. Result The comparison results indicate that the double-column and double-pile scheme has the lowest overall cost and the highest technical feasibility. Conclusion Through comprehensive comparison, the optimal structural layout scheme for photovoltaic supports in the road domain of the transportation and energy integration project has been determined, which can provide ideas for the optimization of the structural layout scheme for photovoltaic supports in similar projects.
2024, 11(S1): 14-18.
doi: 10.16516/j.ceec.2024.S1.03
Abstract:
Introduction To promote the construction of photovoltaic power generation project in coal mine dump based on the concept of "desertification control with a PV project", and organically integrate ecological protection with green and efficient energy strategies to achieve the purpose of sound economic development and ecological environment governance. Method The optimization of photovoltaic power generation project in a coal mine dump was taken as an example, in the original plan, a fully fixed support is used. After taking into account factors such as boundary line change, geological influence, and controllable construction progress, now a combination of fixed supports and flexible supports is adopted. In areas with relatively flat terrain, fixed supports are considered, and the flexible supports are mainly used for slopes and cross ditches (40%～45%) . Optimization is carried out based on factors such as fixed inclination angle, power generation efficiency, and spacing of PV strings. Option 1:The fixed support has an inclination angle of 16°, a flexible support fixed inclination angle of 4° in the east-west direction, and it is arranged on the slope in the south and slightly south directions. Option 2: the fixed support has an optimal inclination angle of 24° and a flexible support inclination angle of 19°. Result The power generation in Option 1 is about 8 MWp higher than that of Option 2, and the total power generation is increased by 10%～15% in 25 years. The total efficiency of the power generation system in Option 1 reduces by about 2% compared to Option 2. Conclusion The study has shown that the project optimization guarantees the installed capacity, safety, etc. At the same time, it's an innovation to arrange flexible supports on the slope of the coal mine dump in this project, so it serves as a model for future projects. In the process of project design optimization, we should not only consider the efficiency, but also pay more attention to the economic benefits brought by multi-objective factor optimization.
2024, 11(S1): 19-22.
doi: 10.16516/j.ceec.2024.S1.04
Abstract:
Introduction The 2.6 GW photovoltaic power plant project in Al Shuaibah, Saudi Arabia is located in a desert area. Since the release of Saudi Arabia's "2030 vision", new energy has become an important part of the plan. The project is equipped with the most advanced N-type double-sided photovoltaic modules and horizontal single-axis automatic tracking brackets, making it the largest photovoltaic power plant in the world. This project has set up a business card for China's photovoltaic industry, and is a benchmark for photovoltaic equipment to go global. Method Due to the higher requirements for cleaning and maintenance of photovoltaic modules in the desert, photovoltaic cleaning robots were used to improve photovoltaic power generation efficiency and reduce operation and maintenance costs. Result Photovoltaic cleaning robots come in various forms, and automatic cleaning robots are most suitable for large photovoltaic power plants. However, in the practical application of horizontal single-axis brackets, a specific design optimization is required to achieve smooth operation. Conclusion In this paper, the application practice of matching an intelligent cleaning machine is deeply studied for the optimization design of the horizontal single-axis bracket without disconnecting from the bridge of the photovoltaic power station project, providing a reference for the design of intelligent cleaning and maintenance machines of photovoltaic power stations in desert areas.
2024, 11(S1): 23-28.
doi: 10.16516/j.ceec.2024.S1.05
Abstract:
Introduction With the increasing installed scale of onshore wind turbines in China, quality defects in WTGS foundation are very common, directly affects the safe operation of the equipment and equipment safety. The foundation of WTGS has the characteristics of large volume and complex structure, the applicability of conventional detection methods in the case of large size and dense reinforcements needs comparative analysis, studying the detection methods for WTGS defects has significant practical engineering significance. Method This article took a wind turbine reinforcement project as the research object, using geological radar method, ultrasonic transverse wave method, drilling detection method, based on the detection principles of various detection methods and results, the applicability and detection accuracy of each detection method were analyzed. [Resu lt] The analysis results show that: the higher the emission frequency, the higher the defect location accuracy and the lower the effective detection depth of geological radar method; the ultrasonic transverse wave method is only applicable to shallow detection of concrete, detection accuracy is high ; the drilling detection method has excellent visibility, and the results are intuitive and accurate. Conclusion For detection of foundation defects in WTGS , the geological radar method and ultrasonic transverse wave method are suitable for detecting shallow concrete defects, and using high-frequency spectrum detection can achieve good detection accuracy; the drilling detection method can be used for detecting shallow and deep defects in concrete foundations and the detection results is intuitive.
2024, 11(S1): 29-35.
doi: 10.16516/j.ceec.2024.S1.06
Abstract:
Introduction To address the difficulty in selecting the grounding electrode location, a shared grounding electrode scheme is adopted. The shared grounding electrode can be transformed from an independent grounding electrode. It is relatively uncommon for a four-circuit DC system to share a grounding electrode, so its sharing scheme needs to be carefully studied. Method Based on the actual project and the existing situation of independent grounding electrodes, three schemes of grounding electrode sharing at the electrode location were proposed. Through simulation, the step voltage and current distribution of vertical grounding electrodes and deep well grounding electrodes were studied. Result When multiple grounding electrodes operate simultaneously, due to the shielding effect between conductors, their electrical characteristics differ from those of independent operation. When operating with the same polarity, regardless of whether it is a vertical grounding electrode or a deep well grounding electrode, the step potential increases compared to when it operates independently, and the electrode current distribution is more uneven. Conclusion Under the three feasible schemes, the step voltage does not exceed the limit value, but the step voltage is the smallest under scheme I, and there is no significant difference in the current distribution of the vertical grounding electrode.
2024, 11(S1): 36-46.
doi: 10.16516/j.ceec.2024.S1.07
Abstract:
Introduction With the increasing scale of investment in distribution network construction and the increasing number of engineering projects, there is considerable pressure on project progress control and project management in distribution network engineering projects. In order to achieve the control and management throughout the process and integrate resources, and to comprehensively improve the management level of distribution network construction, the research on scientific allocation of human and mechanical resources in distribution network construction is of great significance. Method Firstly, through research and analysis of the logical relationships of various process links, the activity-on-node directed network diagram was used to establish a process model for each process of the distribution network engineering project; then, based on the analysis of factors affecting the project construction period in the whole process, a model for guiding the calculation of the construction period in the construction phase was established; finally, a scientific allocation method for human and mechanical resources in distribution network construction based on the genetic algorithm was proposed. The method provided data support for the allocation of different human and mechanical equipment resources throughout the project process in the time dimension, enabling optimal resource allocation and construction period prediction. Result Based on a practical engineering project in a certain distribution network, a case study is constructed to analyze the effectiveness of the proposed method. The results show that the utilization of the proposed method can effectively shorten the construction period, and offer the daily distribution information of important resources and the critical path of the project, providing theoretical guidance for further shortening the engineering period. Conclusion It can be seen that the proposed method effectively achieves the goals of resource allocation and assisting managers in decision-making, while increasing the resource utilization rate, indirectly reducing unnecessary resource costs, and improving the overall work efficiency of the project.
2024, 11(S1): 47-55.
doi: 10.16516/j.ceec.2024.S1.08
Abstract:
Introduction The layout of the data center is an important design input for its design scheme, and its changes will lead to great changes in the design results. The data center is an extremely complex infrastructure, with strong correlation between the disciplines, and the changes in each of the disciplines will affect one or more of the disciplines at the same time, thus affecting the entire layout. For the current traditional parallel working mode in which each discipline performs its own duties, often the confirmation of the layout needs to go through multi-discipline calculations and analysis, mutual data and coordination and communication, which not only consumes a lot of time, but also makes it difficult to ensure the quality due to frequent adjustments. Method In order to improve the design efficiency and quality of the layout, this paper proposed a data-driven modular, parametric and visual design model and method for the layout, which realized the automatic design of the layout with the input parameters through the 3D digital design tool Revit and the visual programming tool Dynamo. Result Through this method, designers only need to input some key requirements and indicator parameters, that is, the automatic design of the layout can be completed. Conclusion Based on the data-driven 3D digital design of the data center layout, on the one hand, the design efficiency is greatly improved, the manpower and material resources are saved, and on the other hand, by building hard constraints such as standards and specifications into the design model, it can not only greatly improve the design quality, but also save a lot of time at each stage of project design.
2024, 11(S1): 56-64.
doi: 10.16516/j.ceec.2024.S1.09
Abstract:
Introduction A lightning strike is the main cause of failure and outage in 500 kV AC transmission lines, and it is very important to carry out lightning protection assessment for transmission lines for the stable operation of the system. Method In this paper, based on a 500 kV AC transmission line project under construction in China, the lightning resistance of the line was simulated and studied using the EMTP (Electro-Magnetic Transient Program) and the EGM (Electro-Geometric Model) and the lightning trip-out (flashover) rate of the line was calculated according to the basic parameters of the line. The lightning risk level of line towers was determined based on the principle of lightning risk classification. Combined with the actual operation data of the nearby lines, lightning protection measures were proposed for towers with higher lightning risk, and the effectiveness of the measures was further verified through calculation. Result The simulation results show that the arrester is an effective lightning protection measure, which can significantly reduce the lightning trip-out rate of the tower and improve the lightning resistance of the line. With lightning protection measures, there is no tower with lightning risk level IV on the whole line, and the average lightning trip-out rate of the whole line has dropped to the safe level I, which meets the requirements of Guide for Lightning Protection of Overhead Transmission Lines (Q/CSG 1107002—2018). Conclusion The lightning risk assessment method and the lightning protection measures proposed in this paper are correct and effective, and have somewhat engineering application and reference values for the lightning protection design of 500 kV AC overhead transmission lines.
2024, 11(S1): 65-73.
doi: 10.16516/j.ceec.2024.S1.10
Abstract:
Introduction The existing main wiring scheme for ice melting at UHVDC converter stations can only be applied to two-terminal DC systems, and the ice melting current is twice the current of the valve group. The purpose of this study is to meet the needs of using the DC operation mode for ice melting and generating a larger line ice melting current in the multi-terminal DC (MTDC) scenario. This paper conducted a design study on the main wiring scheme for ice melting of the UHVDC converter station. Method A wiring scheme for ice melting of converter station that is applicable to MTDC was proposed. The scheme innovatively improved the reverse wiring of the valve group in the original ice-melting wiring scheme. Result The purpose of saving equipment investment and land occupation has been achieved. The scheme can increase the ice melting current by 50% compared to the existing ice melting wiring schemes. Conclusion The new ice melting wiring scheme for the converter station in this paper can effectively meet the ice-melting requirements of the UHVDC transmission line under different conditions and improve the operation economy and reliability of the transmission line.
2024, 11(S1): 74-79.
doi: 10.16516/j.ceec.2024.S1.11
Abstract:
Introduction In recent years, rapid growth in the number of substations has caused increasing pressure on the O&M work of power grids. In order to improve the efficiency and quality of O&M work, considering urgent demand for digital transformation of power grids, a set of intelligent O&M application plans has been proposed. Method By analyzing the pain points of current O&M work, and sorting out its content and characteristics, the intelligent O&M application plans with closed-loop process were designed and deployed in substations. Effectiveness of the application was evaluated based on the operation and application data. Result Statistical data show that a large number of O&M work such as automatic inspection, autonomous identification and autonomous analysis can be carried out by intelligent O&M applications with high accuracy, which shows a significant effect on saving labor hours and improving efficiency. Conclusion The intelligent O&M application plans proposed in the paper can effectively improve the quality and efficiency of O&M work, which provides reference for the research on subsequent intelligent O&M applications.
2024, 11(S1): 80-88.
doi: 10.16516/j.ceec.2024.S1.12
Abstract:
Introduction Large waste incineration power plants are gradually integrating urban comprehensive functions such as waste treatment, environmental education, popular science tourism, and cultural exhibitions, so the traffic flow is complex. In order to ensure efficient and smooth transportation within the plant and safe operation of the power plant, this paper aims to bring forward an idea of optimizing the traffic organization design for such power plant project. Method Based on the analysis of problems and limitations of applying the conventional traffic organization design method for such project, this paper sorted out the incoming and outgoing traffic, in-plant materials and office visit flow lines, and garbage loading processes. With three-dimensional transportation, shared diversion and buffer settings, and consideration of connectivity in the short term and long term, intelligent traffic control systems and other diversified means were fully utilized. Result This optimization idea is applied to a domestic waste emergency comprehensive treatment project in Guangzhou, which realizes the convenience of entering and leaving the plant, the separation of people and goods and garbage, the separation of production and visit flows, and safe and efficient transportation of garbage, and provides an effective solution for the waste incineration power plant to improve efficiency, save resources and create social value. Conclusion The traffic analysis method, subdivision element method and optimization design principle in this paper are effective for the traffic organization design of such project, and provide a strong technical support for the project to create a smart waste incineration power plant and new urban open space. The research results can provide reference and guidance for practical projects.
2024, 11(S1): 89-93.
doi: 10.16516/j.ceec.2024.S1.13
Abstract:
Introduction The roof structure of the main workshop of the gas turbine power plant is a long-span space grid structure, which has high safety requirements. In the design process, the selection of structural schemes, loads and other factors have a crucial impact on the safety and economy of the roof truss structure, so it is of great significance to study the selection and load optimization of the roof truss structure for power plant construction. Method In this paper, based on a gas turbine power plant project, the roof truss structure of its main workshop was designed and compared with two roofing types of heavy concrete roofing and light steel roofing with the help of SAP2000 structural analysis and design software, so as to optimize the loads and reduce the amount of steel under the premise of ensuring safety. Result By design comparison, the height and mass of the single truss structure of the light roofing are smaller, which is conducive to the transportation and construction of the whole truss, and the steel used in the light roofing truss structure is only 48.2% of the steel used in the heavy roofing. Conclusion In areas like wind environment, the use of light steel roofing has the advantages of high construction feasibility and good economic benefits.
2024, 11(S1): 94-99.
doi: 10.16516/j.ceec.2024.S1.14
Abstract:
Introduction In order to simplify the neutral surface method selection and the calculation method of the area of louvers for the natural ventilation of the steam turbine rooms of the traditional power plants, to further reveal the relationship between the neutral surface and the total area of the air inlet and outlet as well as the economy, a steam turbine room of a waste incineration power plant is analyzed as an engineering case. The different louver heights, the area of the air inlet and outlet and the cost are calculated by the neutral surface method. Method The Python programming was used to calculate the complicated trial calculation process. Result The results demonstrate that under the premise of fully considering the heat dissipation of the mezzanine floor and the operating floor of the steam turbine room, 100% bottom air inlet and 60%-40% air inlet mode are more economical. No matter which air inlet modes, the neutral surface height is selected according to the operating floor +3 ~ 9 m range, and the fluctuation of the total area and cost of air inlet and outlet are small. Conclusion The neutral surface and the area of the air inlet and outlet louvers of actual projects can be selected by using this method.
2024, 11(S1): 100-105.
doi: 10.16516/j.ceec.2024.S1.15
Abstract:
Introduction Under the constraint of lean investment in power construction, precise cost control of substation engineering has become an increasingly concerned issue for power suppliers. To address current difficulties in cost prediction due to the large number and great complexity of influencing factors, this paper proposes a substation engineering cost prediction model based on machine learning algorithms. Method Firstly, important influencing factors were selected from historical substation construction cost data using methods such as the analytic hierarchy process, analysis of typical projects, the Delphi method, and the correlation coefficient. Relevant data on substation engineering costs were collected through extensive investigation to form a substantial training dataset for model validation and testing. Then, key parameters in the Support Vector Regression (SVR) model were optimized using cross-validation and the Bayesian optimization algorithm to minimize prediction errors. Finally, the optimized SVR model was used for cost prediction, and an empirical validation was conducted. Result The results show that the SVR model not only demonstrates a robust fit to the training data but also excels in generalizability. It achieves good accuracy in predicting the total settlement prices of substation engineering costs as well as the costs of various sub-projects. Conclusion This approach enables scientific forecasting and effective management of construction costs during the substation design phase. It can offer a methodological reference for precise cost predictions in substation engineering projects.
Thinking of Grid-Connected Security Risk Assessment for Electrochemical Energy Storage Power Station
2024, 11(S1): 106-110.
doi: 10.16516/j.ceec.2024.S1.16
Abstract:
Introduction From the perspective of energy, the essence of developing new quality production forces is to support a new energy system that is clean and low-carbon, safe and abundant, economical and efficient, supply-demand coordinated, flexible, and intelligent. New energy storage is one of the indispensable parts of the new energy system, and electrochemical energy storage is the most widely used. Considering frequent electrochemical energy storage safety accidents at home and abroad in the rapid development of the electrochemical energy storage industry and the continuous growth of installed capacity of energy storage power stations, electrochemical energy storage safety has become a key factor restricting the large-scale development and application of energy storage. Method The grid connection of an energy storage power station is a major node of electrochemical energy storage, so, before grid connection, it is important to verify whether the energy storage power station meets the safety requirements for grid connection and identify the potential safety risks of the energy storage power station through the verification of design data, product inspection reports and other data, on-site inspection of the energy storage power station, and systematic safety evaluation of the energy storage system, the energy storage power station area and the to-be-connected power grid by the energy storage system. Result On this basis, a set of methods or standards for assessing grid connection safety risks of electrochemical energy storage stations is summarized. It enriches the safety and environmental protection modules in the standard system for power energy storage and fills China's gap in requirements for safety assessment before the grid connection of electrochemical energy storage stations. It standardizes the scope and content depth of safety risk assessment before grid connection of electrochemical energy storage power stations and can be used as a guide for employers, third parties, and other interested parties to conduct assessments prior grid connection in a more standardized manner and improve the overall safety of grid connection of electrochemical energy storage power stations. Conclusion The research result provides a valuable reference for building a safety standard system for electrochemical energy storage and applying energy storage in new scenarios.
2024, 11(S1): 111-114.
doi: 10.16516/j.ceec.2024.S1.17
Abstract:
Introduction In order to connect isolated data between various stages of the entire life cycle of substation projects and achieve the flow of geometric model and engineering information, a graph-based data model for substation projects is proposed in this paper. Method Firstly, the flow of geometric and engineering information of the model in each stage of the substation project was analyzed, and the data model was divided into core model and scene model. Secondly, the topological structure of graphs was organized according to the civil part and electrical equipment of the substation project. Then, the relationship between the components of IFC model with a tree structure was converted into the form of "edge", the model components were converted into the form of "node", and the graph structure was then constructed and imported into the graph database. Finally, a data model structure for substation projects at the component level of electrical equipment was designed, and the model was associated with the components of the core model to form a graph-based data model for substation projects. Result The test results show that the graph-based data model for substation projects can achieve flexible combination and decomposition of geometric model and engineering information model after being imported into the graph database. It can realize efficient modification and query of model component information in the face of complex relationships between a large number of geometric structures and attribute information. Conclusion The graph-based data model can simultaneously carry geometric information and engineering information scene models. It meets the requirements for adjusting the granularity of models and supplementing and removing engineering information at various stages and can provide users with an intelligible data flow process comparing with the COBie (Construction Operations Building information exchange) standard based on form management.
2024, 11(S1): 115-121.
doi: 10.16516/j.ceec.2024.S1.18
Abstract:
Introduction Under the guidance of the national water-saving policy for water resource reuse, more and more power plants are using reclaimed water as make-up water for circulating water, which increases the difficulty of treating sewage discharged from circulating water in power plants. This paper proposes a treatment process that combines biological treatment with advanced oxidation to address the issue relatd to excessive COD, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus pollutants in sewage discharged from circulating water. Method Taking a gas turbine power plant in Guangdong province as an example, this paper described the water quality characteristics of sewage discharged from circulating water using reclaimed water as make-up water, and sorted out the discharge standards for sewage discharged from circulating water in different newly-built gas turbine power plants in recent years. Based on the types and characteristics of pollutants exceeding the standard, a "denitrification tank + secondary sedimentation tank + advanced oxidation + aerated biological filter + sand filter" process was proposed, and a thorough analysis of the principles, functions, advantages and disadvantages of various treatment processes was conducted. Result Under anaerobic conditions in the denitrification tank, denitrification reaction can remove the total nitrogen. Fenton and ozone advanced oxidation can decompose and oxidize COD that is difficult to biodegrade in wastewater. As a secondary biochemical tank, the aerated biological filter not only has biological adsorption and oxidation effects but also has solid-liquid separation filtration effects. It can treat the remaining COD in the front-end process together with excess external carbon sources, achieving COD compliance. Total phosphorus and suspended solids can be removed through coagulation, clarification and filtration. This process is an efficient and stable in-depth treatment process for sewage discharged from circulating water. Conclusion It can provide reference for the stable and standard discharge treatment process of sewage discharged from circulating water in power plants.
2024, 11(S1): 122-126.
doi: 10.16516/j.ceec.2024.S1.19
Abstract:
Introduction With the increasingly strict environmental protection policies, domestic large-scale coal-fired power plants generally use enclosed coal yard to avoid coal dust escape to pollute the environment. In recent years, as a new type of closed environmental protection architecture, the gas film has gradually been used more in coal storage yard. Method Based on the case of a large-scale coastal thermal power plant in Guangdong that first applied a large-span gas film coal yard in South China, the paper demonstrated and analyzed the scheme comparison, selection design and layout of the gas film coal yard. Result Compared with the traditional steel structure coal yard, the gas film has obvious advantages in the application of large-span coal yard. Conclusion The study can promote the popularization and application of gas film coal yard in large-scale thermal power plants.
2024, 11(S1): 127-134.
doi: 10.16516/j.ceec.2024.S1.20
Abstract:
Objective The fan foundation with prestressed anchor bolt type connection design is the mainstream design at present. The mechanical characteristic of the foundation connected by prestressed anchor bolt is a kind of circular load. There is no detailed analysis data to refer to under such mechanical characteristics. The designers often rely on finite element analysis to analyze the structural safety here, but it takes a longer time. This paper aims to quickly calculate the stress value of the core region of the foundation Method Based on the Mohr-Coulomb theory and elastic mechanics theory, a set of vertical stress calculation formula suitable for the design of the core area of fan foundation was derived in this paper, and compared and verified with the fine finite element analysis results. Results Comparative results indicate that the formulas derived in this paper demonstrate good accuracy and reliability. Conclusion The derived formula presented in this paper can be used as the basis of fan foundation reinforcement design and reference for engineering design.
