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ZHAO Gang,HE Sen,WEI Peicai,et al.Replacing Construction Technology of Corroded Ground Wire of 500 kV Line Across Three 220 kV Transmission Lines in the Same Gear[J].Southern Energy Construction,2022,09(增刊1):119-124. doi:  10.16516/j.gedi.issn2095-8676.2022.S1.018
Citation: ZHAO Gang,HE Sen,WEI Peicai,et al.Replacing Construction Technology of Corroded Ground Wire of 500 kV Line Across Three 220 kV Transmission Lines in the Same Gear[J].Southern Energy Construction,2022,09(增刊1):119-124. doi:  10.16516/j.gedi.issn2095-8676.2022.S1.018

Replacing Construction Technology of Corroded Ground Wire of 500 kV Line Across Three 220 kV Transmission Lines in the Same Gear

doi: 10.16516/j.gedi.issn2095-8676.2022.S1.018
  • Received Date: 2022-01-24
  • Rev Recd Date: 2022-03-21
  • Publish Date: 2022-05-31
  •   Introduction  With the increase of operation time of overhead transmission lines and the aggravation of aging and corrosion of equipment, the rusted ground wire replacement is significantly increased. Due to the large cross span of overhead transmission lines and the decrease of mechanical properties of corroded ground wires, there is a high risk in the replacement construction, especially when the same grade crosses multiple high-voltage power lines. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the methods, steps and safety precautions of replacement construction.  Method  Taking the replacement construction of corroded ground wire of a 500 kV transmission line spanning three 220 kV power lines in the same span from Pingguo to Laibin as an example, in order to reduce the risk in the replacement process, the measures were taken, such as wire sealing, two-way protection of steel wire rope installed on the ground wire support, reasonable setting of the traction field, reducing the traction speed of the ground wire and reclosure of the crossing line one by one.  Result  These measures are verified to be safe and effective on site, which can well protect the safety of the power lines across and reduce the risk of construction operations.  Conclusion  These key technologies in construction have important reference significance for future similar operations.
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Replacing Construction Technology of Corroded Ground Wire of 500 kV Line Across Three 220 kV Transmission Lines in the Same Gear

doi: 10.16516/j.gedi.issn2095-8676.2022.S1.018

Abstract:   Introduction  With the increase of operation time of overhead transmission lines and the aggravation of aging and corrosion of equipment, the rusted ground wire replacement is significantly increased. Due to the large cross span of overhead transmission lines and the decrease of mechanical properties of corroded ground wires, there is a high risk in the replacement construction, especially when the same grade crosses multiple high-voltage power lines. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the methods, steps and safety precautions of replacement construction.  Method  Taking the replacement construction of corroded ground wire of a 500 kV transmission line spanning three 220 kV power lines in the same span from Pingguo to Laibin as an example, in order to reduce the risk in the replacement process, the measures were taken, such as wire sealing, two-way protection of steel wire rope installed on the ground wire support, reasonable setting of the traction field, reducing the traction speed of the ground wire and reclosure of the crossing line one by one.  Result  These measures are verified to be safe and effective on site, which can well protect the safety of the power lines across and reduce the risk of construction operations.  Conclusion  These key technologies in construction have important reference significance for future similar operations.

ZHAO Gang,HE Sen,WEI Peicai,et al.Replacing Construction Technology of Corroded Ground Wire of 500 kV Line Across Three 220 kV Transmission Lines in the Same Gear[J].Southern Energy Construction,2022,09(增刊1):119-124. doi:  10.16516/j.gedi.issn2095-8676.2022.S1.018
Citation: ZHAO Gang,HE Sen,WEI Peicai,et al.Replacing Construction Technology of Corroded Ground Wire of 500 kV Line Across Three 220 kV Transmission Lines in the Same Gear[J].Southern Energy Construction,2022,09(增刊1):119-124. doi:  10.16516/j.gedi.issn2095-8676.2022.S1.018
  • 输电线路架空地线主要起到防雷和电磁屏蔽的作用,由于其不参与传输负荷电流,因此材质通常为镀锌钢绞线1-2。随着运行时间的增加及外部环境影响,架空地线会逐渐老化锈蚀,锈蚀会显著影响地线的机械性能3-5,是造成地线断股、断线的重要原因6-7,不及时更换将对电网安全运行构成严重威胁。

    通常,高压输电线路交叉跨越较多,为避免更换过程中发生断线事故造成被跨越设备设施停运,必须在施工时采取有效的措施和方法。文献[8]针对特高压线路同档跨越2条220 kV带电线路的施工难题,采取了带电搭设和拆除承力索、护网的施工技术,确保了施工安全;文献[9]针对传统的管扣式跨越架存在结构繁琐、稳定性差等问题,提出了一种插接式钢管跨越架施工技术,大大提高了跨越架搭设的规范性、稳定性和安全性;文献[10]针对旧地线张力更换易发生断裂问题,采取了减小放线段长度、减小牵引力、增大牵引轮径的施工技术,这些技术可以有效降低旧地线断裂风险 。同档跨越多条高压电力线路更换锈蚀地线较为少见,本文以平果至来宾某500 kV输电线路同档跨越3条220 kV电力线路锈蚀地线更换施工为例,介绍了跨越档施工的方法、步骤及注意事项,以及在施工过程中确保安全施工所采用的关键技术。

  • 平果至来宾某500 kV输电线路于1993年投产运行,地线采用GJ-70镀锌钢绞线,由于投运时间较长,其表面已出现明显的腐蚀坑,部分腐蚀坑深度达到单股直径的40%。本次更换施工在满足原杆塔使用荷载条件的基础上,新地线选用与旧地线参数相近的JLB20A-80铝包钢绞线,新旧地线的主要参数如表1所示。

    参数型号总截面积/mm2外径/mm计算拉断力/N综合膨胀系数/℃-1计算重量/[kg·(km)-1最大使用应力/[N·(mm2-1平均运行应力/[N·(mm2-1
    旧地线GJ-7074.4811.1194 30011.5×10-6595292223.4
    新地线JLB20A-8079.3911.489 31013×10-6528.4250204

    Table 1.  The main parameters of new and old ground wire

    地线更换放线段为124#塔-138#塔,牵张段长度为5.141 km,使用14个放线滑车,该段跨越220 kV电力线路3条,35 kV电力线路1条,10 kV电力线路1条。其中同档跨越广西电网公司管辖的3条220 kV电力线路,由于被跨越线路无法停电,施工存在较高的风险,若更换过程中发生意外,极有可能引起3条220 kV电力线路同时停运,导致广西大化县、马山县23万用户停电,损失负荷11万千瓦,造成一级电力安全事件。

  • 该500 kV输电线路在125#塔-126#塔同时跨越220 kV马思线、220 kV大雷线和220 kV大林线,如图1所示。马思线、大林线、大雷线在气温30 ℃时与下子导线的净空距离分别为12.67 m、7.67 m和10.07 m,图片最上方代表待更换的地线,依次往下分别为上子导线和下子导线,跨越塔塔型均为GM1-36,塔全高为46 m。跨越档地形为平原,档距为271 m,其小号侧档距485 m,大号侧档距为465 m,跨越档为小档距,前后为大档距,正常换线情况下,125#塔-126#塔地线触碰不到导线上设置的封网绳,被跨越的3条220 kV电力线路安全运行。其他交叉跨越信息如表2所示。

    Figure 1.  The front view of a crossing span

    被跨越电力线路名称被跨越档两侧塔号档距/m施工线路导线至被跨越线路地线净空距离/m交叉跨越角跨越档两端铁塔与被跨物中心的距离/m
    220 kV马思线127#-128#13812.6786°06′23
    220 kV大雷线136#-137#3647.6785°41′180
    220 kV大林线149#-150#26610.0786°54′137

    Table 2.  The parameters of lines crossed by the 500 kV transmission line (T=30 ℃)

  • 施工前利用无人机巡检或登塔检查地线运行情况,重点检查跨越档内地线有无直线接续管、金具型号及连接方式、锈蚀情况以及有无影响更换施工的安全隐患。

    本次地线更换施工采取停电作业的方式,由于被跨越线路不停电,根据规程,需要在施工前与被跨越线路运行单位联系并办理线路第二种工作票,退出被跨越线路重合闸11-12

  • 因为锈蚀架空地线在更换的过程中存在断裂坠落或者与被跨越电力线路安全距离不足的风险,因此需要在导线上封网进行防护。封网前采取逐条退出被跨越线路重合闸的方式,然后依次进行封网,减少被跨越线路退出重合闸的时间。该500 kV输电线路跨越档导线呈三角形排列,边导线间距为14.4 m,本次施工采取局部封网的形式,在500 kV线路下子导线上设置封网绳,封网绳采用长度为16 m,直径为12 mm的绝缘涤纶绳。安装时先在交叉跨越点外10 m处调整好封网绳的弛度,在导线上绑好活扣后拖至跨越位置进行固定。根据规程,固定后需满足各封网绳间距设置距离不大于2.0 m,宽度超出被跨越线路的水平距离不小于10 m13,弧垂控制不大于3.5 m,与被跨越线路保持足够的电气安全距离14

  • 根据规程,跨越档地线到封网范围边缘水平距离不应小于2 m13。GM1塔型导线横担长7 m,地线支架长5.45 m,子导线间距0.45 m,地线到封网范围边缘水平距离为7+0.45/2-5.45=1.975(m),如图2所示,差0.025 m可通过地线滑车挂于地线支架内侧进行补偿,并加装Φ13 mm钢丝绳二道保护,加装二道保护是为了防止地线断线直接坠落而采取的一种防护措施,该措施可以有效提高作业安全系数。

    Figure 2.  Installation fig of pay-off pulley and secondary protection

  • 锈蚀地线更换施工采用“一牵一”方式进行展放,先利用锈蚀地线牵引高强度涤纶绳进行锈蚀地线的回收,如图3所示;然后再利用高强度涤纶绳牵引新地线进行新地线的展放,如图4所示。在牵引设备选择方面,124#塔使用小张力机和小牵引机,138#塔使用牵张两用机。锈蚀地线回收更换时,138#塔牵张两用机做牵引机与124#塔小张力机配合,从124#塔往138#塔方向回收锈蚀地线。展放新地线时,138#塔牵张两用机做张力机和124#塔小牵引机配合,从138#塔往124#塔方向展放新地线。由于跨越档为125#塔-126#塔,因此该牵张系统布置方式可有效减少锈蚀地线和新地线在跨越档内的牵引时间,从而达到降低施工风险的效果。

    Figure 3.  Layout fig of rusted ground wire pulling high-strength polyester rope system

    Figure 4.  Layout fig of high-strength polyester rope traction new ground wire system

  • 锈蚀地线更换完毕后进行紧线,弧垂调整,弧垂弛度满足要求后优先对跨越档两侧的杆塔进行附件安装15。跨越档两侧杆塔附件安装完成后,方可进行封网拆除,然后依次完成封网拆除的被跨越线路重合闸投入。

  • 由线路运行单位对工程质量进行检查,重点检查跨越档两侧杆塔的地线金具及附件安装是否符合要求,杆塔上有无接地线、个人保安线、工具、材料等物品遗留,被跨越线路导地线有无异物。验收合格后,工作负责人应确认所有人员已从杆塔上撤下,工作地段的接地线已全部拆除,工作地段内无存在问题后,方可办理作业终结手续。

  • 1)施工前对高强度涤纶绳、锈蚀地线、钢丝绳做拉力试验,验证试验拉力是否满足现场牵引要求。

    2)跨越不停电线路施工,应取得被跨越线路运行单位同意并办理相应手续,跨越手续办理完成并得到施工许可后,方可进行跨越施工。

    3)在跨越不停电线路封网时必须加装个人保安线,人体及工器具必须时刻与下方220 kV线路保持大于4 m的安全距离,防止感应电伤害。

    4)锈蚀地线的牵引速度不宜超过20 m/min,新地线牵引速度不宜超过40 m/min。

    5)锈蚀地线开断位置需加装旋转连接器,锈蚀地线牵引高强度涤纶绳、高强度涤纶绳牵引新地线的连接头必须使用“8”字扣可靠连接。

    6)在进行跨越档放线时,需严格控制放线速度,尽可能保持匀速换线,且必须设专人在跨越点监护,一旦发现锈蚀地线或高强度涤纶绳跳槽卡阻、断股或弛度下垂接近封网绳时,立即向张力场施工负责人报告,调整放线张力,降缓放线速度,适当抬高锈蚀地线,必要时停机处理。

    7)架线施工应提前做好作业时间安排,应尽量避免临时码线过夜16,交叉跨越电力线路两侧杆塔故障处理及过夜时必须码线处理。

  • 在某500 kV线路同档跨越3条220 kV电力线路锈蚀地线更换工程中,采取了导线封网、地线支架安装钢丝绳二道保护、合理设置牵张场、降低地线牵引速度和逐条投退被跨越线路重合闸的措施,经实践证明,这些措施大大降低了跨越档张力更换锈蚀地线的安全风险。此文研究的关键施工技术,对今后开展同类型作业具有重要的借鉴参考意义。

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